

Evaluation of the effect of using Citrus aurantium extract with Acepromazine and Ketamine during induction of anesthesia on the heart rate of male dogs during sterilization surgery and comparing it with the treatment used with acepromazine and ketamine and control treatment. Because high anxiety is usually accompanied by physiological responses such as increased metabolism, decreased immunity, and grew work of the cardiovascular system. There is also a significant relationship between stress and subsequent mortality, which has led to the disorder being considered a public health issue, which is more evident during surgery. We used Ketamine, Acepromazine, and orange spring extract, which is the treatment tested in this study to relax and reduce heart rate during induction of anesthesia. The results showed that sedation and reduction of heart rate in the treatment using Citrus aurantium extract with Ketamine and Acepromazine were significantly different from other treatments. The highest reduction in heart rate was related to the treatment in which orange spring extract was used.